硕士研究生英语学位课统考模拟试卷（1）
Part One Listening Comprehension （ 略 ）
Part Two: Vocabulary （10 points）
1. The major portion of writer John White's work was in social
criticism.
A. goal B. subject C. part D. publication
2. By 1817 the United States Congress had done away with all internal
taxed and was relying on tariffs on imported goods to provide sufficient
revenue to run the government .
A. eliminated B. allocated C. increased D. decreased
3. Eric Smith was one of the first artists to paint landscapes
in Australia.
A. lawns B. barns C. sceneries D. vegetation
4. In 1795 John Jay resigned his position as the first chief justice
of the United States and became a state governor.
A. advertised B. geared C. forsook D. rearranged
5.They never altered or revised what they wrote because that would
have interfered with the purity of their creation.
A. fragility B. integrity C. dignity D. simplicity
6. Such essentially different stimuli as cold, drugs, and grief
can provoke identical chemical reactions in the body.
A. illness B. glad C. sorrow D. disgust
7. Over the years, countless storytellers have been narrating
tales that entertain their listeners as well as teach them a lesson.
A. educated B. innumerable C. uncalculating D. competitive
8. All living things have certain attributes that are passed on
from one generation to the next.
A. antibody B. viruses C; traits D. flaws
9. The main feature of the telegraph were developed by two inventors,
but it was Samuel Morse who successfully synthesized their ideas.
A. financed B. publicized C. integrated D. conformed
10. The architect Susan Irons believed that a building should
be designed to fit its function and its location.
A. enhance B. decorate C. alternate with D. conform to
11. Now that you've read that sentence, reread the one that ______.
A. proceeds B. advances C. marches D. precedes
12. You should dry-clean curtains if possible, as they are less
likely to. ______.
A. diminish B. decrease C. reduce D. shrink
13. For the most part rocks are not built up by deposition but
broken down by ____
A. erosion B. evaporation C. evolution D. explosion
14. ______ person favours thorough and complete reforms in social
and political systems.
A. A radical B. An advanced C. A fundamental D. An exotic
15. Einstein was a man of uncommonly ______ intelligence.
A. abnormal B. ambient C. ambitious D. acute
16. We watched the mists______ from the valley.
A. climbing B. elapsing C. crawling D. ascending
17. They rented the old house on the ______ that the landlord
would paint it.
A. assumption B. impression C. succession D. suggestion
18. Many men lost their jobs during the business _____.
A. deposition B. depression C. breakdown D. disturbance
19. The______ of military secrets cannot always be prevented.
A. drainage B. extraction C. revenge D. leakage
20. Mining industries in this country have excellent ______.
A. prospects B. parameters C. peculiarities D. Profiles
Part Three: Cloze （10 points ）
American cities are 21 other cities around
the world. In every country , cities reflect the
22 of the culture . Cities contain the very
23 aspect of a society: opportunities for education, employment,
and entertainment. They also 24 the very
worst parts of a society: violent crime, racial conflict, and poverty.
American cities are changing, just 25 American
society.
After World War II , the population of 26 large
American cities decreased; 27 the population
in many Sun Belt cities increased . Los Angeles, the and Houston
are cities 28 population increased. These
population shifts to and from the city reflect the changing values
of American society. During this time, in the
29 1940s and early 1950s, city residents became wealthier,
more prosperous. They had more children. They needed more
30 . They moved out their apartments in the city to buy their
own homes. They bought houses in the 31 ,
areas near a city where people live. These are areas without many
offices or factories. During the 1950s the American "dream" was
to have a house on the outskirts.
Now things are changing. The children of the people who
32 the cities in the 1950s are now adults. They,
33 their parents, want to live in the cities.
34 continue to move to cities in the Sun Belt. Cities are
35 and the population is increasing in
36 states as Texas, Florida, and California. Others are moving
to more 37 cities of the Northeast and
Midwest, such as Boston, Baltimore and Chicago. Many young professionals,
doctors, lawyers, and executives are moving back into the city.
They prefer the city 38 the suburbs because
their jobs are there; they are afraid of the fuel shortage ; or
they just 39 the excitement and opportunities
which the city offers. A new class is moving into the cities-a wealthier,
40 mobile class.
21. [A] different from [B] similar to [C] better than [D] worse
than
22. [A] values [B] worth [C] importance [D] expenses
23. [A] well [B] good [C] better [D] best
24. [A] maintain [B] obtain [C] contain [D] sustain
25. [A] likely [B] as [C] while [D] when
26. [A] all [B] most [C] few [D] much
27. [A] but [B] and [C] however [D] although
28. [A] its [B] which [C] where [D] that
29. [A] late [B] later [C] lately [D] latter
30. [A] space [B] spots [C] time [D] food
31. [A] outskirts [B] downtown [C] districts [D] suburbs
32. [A] departed [B] left [C] reached [D] entered
33. [A] likely [B] like [C] dislike [D] unlike
34. [A] Some [B] All [C] Several [D] Lots of
35. [A] stretching [B] widening [C] expanding [D] prolonging
36. [A] such [B] these [C] those [D] many
37. [A] organized [B] famous [C] official [D] established
38. [A] than [B] better than [C] rather than [D] to
39. [A] win [B] enjoy [C] earn [D] acquire
40. [A] very [B] and [C] more [D] or
Part Four: Reading Comprehension （ 30 points ）
Passage 1
Information is the primary commodity in more and more industries
today. By 2005, 83% of American management personnel will be knowledge
workers. Europe and Japan are not far behind.
By 2005, half of all knowledge workers (22% of the labor force)
will choose "flextime, flexplace" arrangements, which allow them
to work at home, communicating with the office via computer networks.
In the United States, the so-called "digital divice" seems to
be disappearing. In early 2000, a poll found, that, where half of
white households owned computers, so did fully 43% of African-American
households, and their numbers were growing rapidly. Hispanic households
continued to lag behind, but their rate of computer ownership was
expanding as well.
Company-owned and industry-wide television networks are bringing
programming to thousands of locations. Business TV is becoming big
business.
Computer competence will approach 100% in US urban areas by the
year 2005, with Europe and Japan not far behind. 80 % of US homes
will have computers in 2005, compared with roughly 50% now.
In the United States, 5 of the 10 fastest-growing careers between
now and 2005 will be computer related. Demand for programmers and
systems analysts will grow by 70%. The same trend is accelerating
in Europe, Japan, and India.
By 2005, nearly all college texts and many high school and junior
high books will be tied to Internet sites that provide source material,
study exercises, and relevant news articles to aid in learning.
Others will come with CD-ROMs that offer similar resources.
Internet links will provide access to the card catalogues of all
the major libraries in the world by 2005. It will be possible to
call up on a PC screen millions of volumes from distant libraries.
Web sites enhance books by providing pictures, sound, film clips,
and flexible indexing and search utilities.
Implications: Anyone with access to the Internet will be able
to achieve the education needed to build a productive life in an
increasingly high-tech world. Computer learning may even reduce
the growing American prison population.
Knowledge workers are generally better paid than less-skilled
workers. Their wealth is raising overall prosperity. Even entry-level
workers and those in formerly unskilled positions require
a growing level of education. For a good career in almost any
filed, computer competence is a must. This is one major trend raising
the level of education required for a productive role in today's
work force. For many workers, the opportunity for training is becoming
one of the most desirable benefits any job can offer.
41. Information technology is expected to have impact on all the
following EXCEPT_____.
A. American management personnel B. European management personnel
C. American people' s choice of career D. traditional practice
at work
42. "Digital divice" in the 4th paragraph refers to _____.
A. the gap in terms of computer ownership B. the tendency of computer
ownership
C. the dividing line based on digits D. the ethnic distinction
among American household
43. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT according to
the passage?
A. By 2005 all college and school study materials will turn electronic.
B. By 2005 printed college and school study materials will be
supplemented with electronic material.
C. By 2005 some college and school study materials will be accompanied
by CD-ROMs.
D. By 2005 Internet links make worldwide library search a possibility.
44. Which of the following areas is NOT discussed in the passage?
A. Future careers. B. Nature of future work.
C. Ethnic differences. D. Schools and libraries.
45. At the end of the passage, the author seems to emphasize _____
in an increasingly high-tech world,
A. the variety of education B. the content of education
C. the need for education D. the function of education
Passage 2
Choosing a travel companion is at least as uncertain as choosing
marriage partner. The chances of success are perhaps even less.
The initial stages of both journeys are filled with enthusiasms,
indulgences, and a fairly consistent closing of the eyes to that
which may later become, if not unacceptable, at the very least unpalatable.
No law of casualty exists to insist that in choosing a travel
companion you will lose a friend. But it's not unlikely. The odds
depend on the length and the rigorousness of the trip. Some friendships
have strength that will withstand even travel; others, based on
happenstance, are by nature short-lived and travel merely hastens
their dissolution.
Perhaps I should make it clear that in discussing this matter
of travel companions I am confining myself to Platonic friendships.
Intimate friends may well be the best companions of all, but entirely
different rules of travel prevail. Compromises and concessions,
demands and entreaties to and from such companions clearly stem
from a recognized emotional base that colors every issue. I'll confine
myself, then, to companions, male and female, who are sharing a
trip solely for company.
Why bother at all with a travel companion? Why not travel alone,
in single blessedness, unencumbered and swiftly pursuing one's goal?
Some of the answers are obvious: a congenial fellow traveler eases
the stress and tensions, adds to the delights and rewards and pays
half the bills. If the threat of loneliness is frightening, even
a grumpy companion will foretell that, and quite often bring you
to the point where you devoutly wish you were alone.
Finding that suitable companion is something of an art and something
of a gamble. But the choice should be determined by one cardinal
rule: both travelers should be going on the trip with the same idea
in mind. They should hold in common a theory of travel.
46. According to the author, compared with choosing a marriage
partner, choosing a travel companion is _____.
A) just as difficult as it B) is possibly easier than it
C) is perhaps less certain than it D) is perhaps less uncertain
than it
47. Travel will give us a chance to _____.
A) become strong and vigorous B) testify our friendship
C) see who is our enemy D) lose a friend
48. The travel companion the author refers to is _____.
A) anybody you meet B) a spirtual friend
C) an intimate friend D) anybody who shares a trip simply for
partnership
49 . The author thinks that _____.
A) unlike intimate friends, travel companion needn't make many
compromises and concessions
B) travel companions will add to the delights and pays half the
bills
C) it is possible to foretell whether two people will get along
on the trip
D) the advantages of choosing a travel companion are at least
as great as those of traveling alone
50. We can infer from the passage that _____.
A) a friend in need is a friend indeed
B) opposite types of people attract each other
C) like-minded people should make good travel companions
D) even intimate friends have arguments
Passage 3
Spelunking has been called "mountain climbing upside down in the
dark. " However, this description is
not entirely accurate. The mountain climber knows where he is
going. He climbs a mountain because it is there. A spelunker, on
the other hand, doesn't know what is there. All he sees when he
enters a wild cave is a hole in the surface of the earth - a very
dark hole. Once he gets inside he may find it runs only a few hundred
feet or, like one cave in Switzerland, more than 35 miles. He may
find big hall, subway like tunnels, rivers or strange and beautiful
limestone formations.
Some spelunkers have become famous, or their discoveries. Several
years ago Norbert Castreet, a Frenchman, was exploring a cave that
had a rapidly flowing underground river. He followed the river until
it went under a cave wall and disappeared. Wearing a bathing suit
and a rubber cap, he dived into the river. He surfaced on the other
side of the cave wall and found in a huge hall untouched and undisturbed
for tens of thousands of years.
My wife and I became spelunkers almost by accident. We were driving
down the Pan-American Highway to Mexico City when I noticed several
black openings up in the mountains near the road. I stopped and
asked what they were, and learned that they were a network of large
caves. Following a guide, we were climbing slowly up the mountain.
When we reached the top, a large opening appeared under an overhanging
cliff. Inside was a smaller hole covered by a wooden door. Taking
a gasoline lamp in one hand, the guide opened the door. We followed
him down the smooth cement steps. Strange shapes moved on the walls
as his lamp swung back and forth at each step.
This was a limestone cave, formed hundreds of thousands of years
ago by the slow dripping of water through the cracks of the rock.
The guide pointed out formations that looked like horses, tigers,
hands and plants.
When we left the cave about an hour later, we saw a sign mentioning
the National Speleological Society. Our interest awakened, we noted
the address and wrote for further information, the reply informed
that there were " Grottoes" local chapters of the society, all over
the United States. We joined one that was near our home. Soon we
were making out first trip through a wild, unmapped cave. That was
12 years ago. Since then I have explored caves in Europe, Central
and South America, and all over the United States.
51. According to the passage, the difference between spelunking
and mountain climbing lies in the fact that _____.
A) people do not know where to go in the former case and where
to go in the latter case
B) people go downward in the former case and go upward in the
latter case
C) it is more dangerous to do spelunking than mountain climbing
D) spelunking is more exciting than mountain climbing
52. Which of the following statements is true?
A) Norbert Castreet was famous for its discoveries of new caves.
B) The cave Norbert Castreet explored is famous for its underwater
river.
C) Norbert Castreet discovered a very old huge hall that was situated
on the other side of the wall of the cave.
D) The old hall Norbert Castreet discovered has been used as a
hidden place of some pirates.
53. The author and his wife _____.
A) had planned carefully before they started their first spelunking
B) were convinced by their friends that spelunking was a good
sport
C) spent more time looking for a suitable cave to start their
first exploration
D) explored their first cave rather unexpectedly
54. The author and his wife explored their first cave _____.
A) for several hours B) independently
C) just for a short time D) with a guide and a guard
55. How did the author and his wife join the society of spelunking?
A) Recommended by their friends. B) Intrigued by an advertisement.
C) Encouraged by an article in the newspaper.
D) Attracted by a local chapter of the society.
Passage 4
Women's minds work differently from men's. At least, that is what
most men are convinced of. Psychologists view the subject either
as a matter of frustration or a joke. Now the biologists have moved
into this minefield, and some of them have found that there are
real differences between the brains of men and women. But being
different, they point out hurriedly, is not the same as being better
or worse.
There is, however, a definite structural variation between the
male and female brain. The difference is in a part of the brain
that is used in the most complex intellectual processes - the link
between the two halves of the brain.
The two halves are linked by a trunk line of between 200 and 300
million nerves, the corpus callosum. Scientists have found quite
recently that the corpus callosum in women is always larger and
probably richer in nerve fibres than it is in men. This is the first
time that a structural difference has been found between the brains
of women and men and it must have some significance. The question
is "What?", and, if this difference exists, are there others? Research
shows that present-day women think differently and behave differently
from men. Are some of these differences biological and inborn, a
result of evolution? We tend to think that is the influence of society
that produces these differences. But could we be wrong?
Research showed that these two halves of the brain had different
functions, and that the corpus callosum enabled them to work together.
For most people, the left half is used for wordhandling, analytical
and logical activities; the right half works on pictures, patterns
and forms. We need both halves working together. And the better
the connections, the more harmoniously the two halves work. And,
according to research findings, women have the better connections.
But it isn't all that easy to explain the actual differences between
skills of men and women on this basis. In schools throughout the
world girls tend to be better than boys at "language subjects" and
boys better at maths and physics.
If these differences correspond with the differences in the hemispheric
trunk line, there is an unalterable distinction between the sexes.
We shan't know for a while, partly because we don't know of any
precise relationship between abilities in school subjects and the
functioning of the two halves of the brain, and we cannot understand
how the two halves interact via the corpus callosum. But this striking
difference must have some effect and, because the difference is
in the parts of the brain involved in intellect, we should be looking
for differences in intellectual processing.
56; Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. Biologists are conducting research where psychologists have
given up.
B. Brain differences point to superiority of one sex over the
other.
C. Results of scientific research fail to support popular belief.
D. The structural differences in the brain between the sexes has
long been known.
57. According to the passage it is commonly believed that brain
differences are caused by _____ factors.
A. biological B. psychological C. physical D. social
58. "These differences" in paragraph 5 refer to those in _____.
A. skills of men and women B. school subjects
C. the brain structure of men and women D. activities carried
out by the brain
59. At the end of the passage the author proposes more work on
_____.
A. the brain structure as a whole B. the functioning of part of
the brain
C. the distinction between the sexes D. the effects of the corpus
callosum
60. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To outline the research findings on the brain structure.
B. To explain the link between sex and brain structure.
C. To discuss the various factors that cause brain differences.
D. To suggest new areas in brain research.
Passage 5
Few issues are as clear as the one that drew a quarter-million
Americans to the Lincoln Memorial 30 years ago this August 28. "America
has given the Negro people a bad check", the nation was told. It
has promised quality but delivered second-class citizenship because
of race. Few orators could define the justice as eloquently as Martin
Luther King Jr. , whose words on that sweltering day re-main etched
in the public consciousness:" I have a dream that my four little
children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged
by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.
"
The march on Washington had been the dream of a black labor leader,
A. Philip Randolph, who was a potent figure in the civil-rights
movement. But it was King who emerged as the symbol of the black
people's struggle. His "I have a dream" speech struck such an emotional
chord that recordings of it were made, sold, bootlegged and resold
within weeks of its delivery. The magic of the moment was that it
gave white American a new prospective on black American and pushed
civil rights forward on the nation's agenda.
When the march was planned by a coalition of civil rights, union
and church leaders, nothing quite like it had ever been seen. Tens
of thousands of blacks streamed into the nation's capital by car,
bus, train and foot, an invading army of the disfranchised singing
freedom songs and demanding rights. By their very members, they
forced the world's greatest democracy to face an embarrassing question:
How could America continue on a course that denied so many the simple
amenities of a water fountain or a lunch counter? Or the most essential
element of democracy-the vote?
Three decades later, we still wrestle with questions of black
and white, but now they are confused by shades of gray. The gap
persists between the quality of black life and white. The urban
underclass has grown more entrenched. Bias remains. And the nation
is jarred from time to time by sensational cases stemming from racial
hate. But the clarity of the 1963 issue is gone: No longer do governors
stand in schoolhouse doors. Nor do signs bar blacks from restaurants
or theaters. It is illegal to deny African-Americans the vote. There
are 7 500 black elected officials, including 338 mayors and 40 members
of Congress, plus a large black middle class. And we are past the
point when white American must look to one eloquent leader to answer
the question: "What does the Negro want?"
The change is reflected in the variety of causes on the wish list
of this year's anniversary march on Washington. Health care reform.
Job training. Religious freedom for American Indians. Statehood
for the District of Columbia. Head Start for young people. Security
for the disabled. And an end to racism. The compelling issue of
1963-discrimination-today is more a matter of dark hearts than evil
laws. And the legislative agenda of modern-day marchers is American,
not black.
61. According to the passage, the recordings of King's speech
became a best-seller largely because ____.
A] the march was a dream of the black people in US
B) it presented a new way of looking at Afro-Americans
C) tens of thousands of people listened to the speech
D) the speech was basically dressed to the black people
62. From the passage we learn that the original march on Washington
____.
A) highlighted the hypocrisy of America's democratic system
B) was made up of one particular segment of black society
C) reflected previous demonstrations D) was also attended by white
people
63. "Three decades later, we still wrestle with questions of black
and white, but now they are confused by shades
of gray. " The underlined part means that
A) the questions now concern American Indians B) racial hate in
the US is diminishing
C) the future is promising for the issue of human rights
D) the clarity between the black and white is gone
64. It is implied at the end of the passage that ____.
A) color discrimination is no longer a problem
B) existing laws against racial discrimination need amending
C) present-day causes of protest are more diversified than before
D) all black Americans have become better off
Part Three Translation:
Section A (10 points)
We shall find that today chemistry is a science made up of a great
variety of experimental knowledge well organized with the assistance
of many laws and theories; that it is being added to in constantly
expanding fields by workers in scientific laboratories and industrial
plants; and that no limit can be imagined to the additional knowledge
that will be gained as the years pass.
Section B (10 points)
科学技术是人类共同创造的财富，任何一个民族，一个国家都需要学习别的民族别的国家的长处，学习人家的先进科学技术。我们不仅因为今天科学技术落后，需要努力向外国学习，即使我们的科学技术赶上了世界先进水平，也还要学习人家的长处。
Part Four Writing (10 points)
Title: Why is there so much traffic congestion in Beijing?
（说明：本模拟试卷由于省略听力，全卷满分80分，为了加强Cloze练习，由10个选项改为20个选项，每个选项0.5分）
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